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CONO-SUR 2023 Problem 1

    Uma lista de nn números inteiros positivos a1,a2,a3,…,ana_1, a_2, a_3, \ldots, a_n é dita buena caso se verifique simultaneamente:

    • a1<a2<a3<…<ana_1 < a_2 < a_3 < \ldots < a_n,
    • a1+a22+a33+…+ann≤2023a_1 + a_2^2 + a_3^3 + \ldots + a_n^n \leq 2023.

    Para cada n≥1n \geq 1, determine quantas listas buenas de nn números existem.

    Observação: akk=ak⋅ak⋅…⋅ak⏟k vezesa_k^k = \underbrace{a_k \cdot a_k \cdot \ldots \cdot a_k}_{k \text{ vezes}}.

    Official text Cono Sur Mathematical Olympiad 2023 official paper, page 1. Quoted with source.

    A model read this text from the scan of the paper by OCR, with vision/local (GLM-OCR-8bit). No person has checked it against the paper yet.

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