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IMC 2025 Problem 3

    Denote by S\mathcal{S} the set of all real symmetric 2025×20252025 \times 2025 matrices of rank 11 whose entries take values −1-1 or +1+1 . Let A,B∈SA, B \in \mathcal{S} be matrices chosen independently uniformly at random. Find the probability that AA and BB commute, i.e. AB=BAA B=B A .

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

    Official text: International Mathematics Competition for University Students 2025 official paper, page 1.

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