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IMC 2025 Problem 1

    Let P∈R[x]P \in \mathbb{R}[x] be a polynomial with real coefficients, and suppose deg⁡(P)≥2\operatorname{deg}(P) \geq 2 . For every x∈Rx \in \mathbb{R} , let ℓx⊂R2\ell_x \subset \mathbb{R}^2 denote the line tangent to the graph of PP at the point ( x,P(x)x, P(x) ). a) Suppose that the degree of PP is odd. Show that ⋃x∈Rℓx=R2\bigcup_{x \in \mathbb{R}} \ell_x=\mathbb{R}^2 . b) Does there exist a polynomial of even degree for which the above equality still holds?

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

    Official text: International Mathematics Competition for University Students 2025 official paper, page 1.

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