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OBM 2003 Problem 2

    Seja S um conjunto de n elementos. Determine o menor inteiro positivo k com a seguinte propriedade: dados quaisquer k subconjuntos distintos A1,A2,…,AkA_1, A_2, \ldots, A_k de S, existe uma escolha adequada dos sinais + e – de modo que S=A1±∪A2±∪…∪Ak±S = A_1^{\pm} \cup A_2^{\pm} \cup \ldots \cup A_k^{\pm}, onde Ai+=AiA_i^{+} = A_i e Ai−=S−AiA_i^{-} = S - A_i é o complementar de AiA_i em relação a S.

    Official text Brazilian Mathematical Olympiad 2003 official paper, page 1. Quoted with source.

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