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SIMON-MARAIS 2022 A3

  • Paper A

Let 0<a<10 < a < 1 be a fixed real number. Show that there are at least two values of xx in the interval (0,1)(0,1) such that

∫0x(sin⁡(πsin⁡πt22)+2πarcsin⁡(2πarcsin⁡t)−2t)dt=12(a−2πarcsin⁡(2πarcsin⁡a))(sin⁡(πsin⁡πa22)−a).\int_0^x \left( \sin \left( \frac{\pi \sin \frac{\pi t}{2}}{2} \right) + \frac{2}{\pi} \arcsin \left( \frac{2}{\pi} \arcsin t \right) - 2t \right) \mathrm{d}t = \frac{1}{2} \left( a - \frac{2}{\pi} \arcsin \left( \frac{2}{\pi} \arcsin a \right) \right) \left( \sin \left( \frac{\pi \sin \frac{\pi a}{2}}{2} \right) - a \right).

Official text Simon Marais Mathematics Competition 2022 official paper, page 2. Quoted with source.

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