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PL-OM 1988 Problem 2

    For a permutation P=(p1,p2,...,pn)P = (p_1, p_2, ... , p_n) of (1,2,...,n)(1, 2, ... , n) define X(P)X(P) as the number of jj such that pi<pjp_i < p_j for every i<ji < j . What is the expected value of X(P)X(P) if each permutation is equally likely?

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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