olymmath

KMO 2001 Problem 3

    Let x1,x2,⋯ ,xnx_1,x_2, \cdots,x_n and y1,y2,⋯ ,yny_1,y_2, \cdots ,y_n be arbitrary real numbers satisfying x12+x22+⋯+xn2=y12+y22+⋯+yn2=1x_1^2+x_2^2+\cdots+x_n^2=y_1^2+y_2^2+\cdots+y_n^2=1 . Prove that (x1y2−x2y1)2≤2∣1−∑k=1nxkyk∣(x_1y_2-x_2y_1)^2 \le 2\left|1-\sum_{k=1}^n x_ky_k\right| and find all cases of equality.

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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