olymmath

JMO 1991 Problem 2

    Let NN be the set of the whole of positive integers. The mapping from NN to NN is defined as follows: p(1)=2, p(2)=3, p(3)=4, p(4)=1,   p(n)=n (n≥5)p(1)=2,\ p(2)=3,\ p(3)=4,\ p(4)=1,\ \ \ p(n)=n\ (n\geq 5), q(1)=3, q(2)=4, q(3)=2, q(4)=1,   p(n)=n (n≥5)q(1)=3,\ q(2)=4,\ q(3)=2,\ q(4)=1,\ \ \ p(n)=n\ (n\geq 5). Answer the following questions.

    (1) If you make a mapping f:N→Nf: N\rightarrow N sucessfully, we have ff such that f(f(n))=p(n)+2f(f(n))=p(n)+2. Give an example.

    (2) Prove that it is impossible that f(f(n))=q(n)+2f(f(n))=q(n)+2 holds in regardless of any definition for f:N→Nf: N\rightarrow N.

    Dataset text AoPS wiki problems. Quoted with source.

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