olymmath

OSN 2019 Problem 4

    Let us define a triangle equivalence\textit{triangle equivalence} a group of numbers that can be arranged as shown a+b=ca+b=c d+e+f=g+hd+e+f=g+h i+j+k+l=m+n+oi+j+k+l=m+n+o and so on...

    Where at the jj -th row, the left hand side has j+1j+1 terms and the right hand side has jj terms.

    Now, we are given the first N2N^2 positive integers, where NN is a positive integer. Suppose we eliminate any one number that has the same parity with NN .

    Prove that the remaining N2−1N^2-1 numbers can be formed into a triangle equivalence\textit{triangle equivalence} .

    For example, if 1010 is eliminated from the first 1616 numbers, the remaining numbers can be arranged into a triangle equivalence\textit{triangle equivalence} as shown. 1+3=41+3=4 2+5+8=6+92+5+8=6+9 7+11+12+14=13+15+167+11+12+14=13+15+16

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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