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HMMT 2014 U33

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An up-right path from (a,b)∈R2(a, b) \in \mathbb{R}^{2} to (c,d)∈R2(c, d) \in \mathbb{R}^{2} is a finite sequence (x1,y1),…,(xk,yk)\left(x_{1}, y_{1}\right), \ldots,\left(x_{k}, y_{k}\right) of points in R2\mathbb{R}^{2} such that (a,b)=(x1,y1),(c,d)=(xk,yk)(a, b)=\left(x_{1}, y_{1}\right),(c, d)=\left(x_{k}, y_{k}\right), and for each 1≤i<k1 \leq i<k we have that either (xi+1,yi+1)=(xi+1,yi)\left(x_{i+1}, y_{i+1}\right)=\left(x_{i}+1, y_{i}\right) or (xi+1,yi+1)=(xi,yi+1)\left(x_{i+1}, y_{i+1}\right)=\left(x_{i}, y_{i}+1\right). Let SS be the set of all up-right paths from (−400,−400)(-400,-400) to (400,400)(400,400). What fraction of the paths in SS do not contain any point (x,y)(x, y) such that ∣x∣,∣y∣≤10|x|,|y| \leq 10 ? Express your answer as a decimal number between 0 and 1. If CC is the actual answer to this question and AA is your answer, then your score on this problem is ⌈max⁡{25(1−10∣C−A∣),0}⌉\lceil\max \{25(1-10|C-A|), 0\}\rceil.

Dataset text NuminaMath olympiads. Quoted with source.

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