olymmath

OFM 2023 S1

  • Senior

Let P(X)=anXn+an−1Xn−1+⋯+a1X+a0P(X) = a_n X^n + a_{n-1} X^{n-1} + \cdots + a_1 X + a_0 be a polynomial with real coefficients such that 0⩽ai⩽a00 \leqslant a_i \leqslant a_0 for i=1,2,…,ni = 1, 2, \ldots, n . Prove that, if P(X)2=b2nX2n+b2n−1X2n−1+⋯+bn+1Xn+1+⋯+b1X+b0P(X)^2 = b_{2n} X^{2n} + b_{2n-1} X^{2n-1} + \cdots + b_{n+1} X^{n+1} + \cdots + b_1 X + b_0 , then 4bn+1⩽P(1)24 b_{n+1} \leqslant P(1)^2 .

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