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CMOQR 2020 Problem 2

    Given a set SS , of integers, an optimal partition of S into sets T, U is a partition which minimizes the value ∣t−u∣|t - u| , where tt and uu are the sum of the elements of TT and U respectively. Let PP be a set of distinct positive integers such that the sum of the elements of PP is 2k2k for a positive integer kk , and no subset of PP sums to kk . Either show that there exists such a PP with at least 20202020 different optimal partitions, or show that such a PP does not exist.

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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