olymmath

BALKAN-SL 2011 C1

    Let SS be a finite set of positive integers which has the following property:if xx is a member of SS, then so are all positive divisors of xx. A non-empty subset TT of SS is good if whenever x,y∈Tx,y\in T and x<yx<y, the ratio y/xy/x is a power of a prime number. A non-empty subset TT of SS is bad if whenever x,y∈Tx,y\in T and x<yx<y, the ratio y/xy/x is not a power of a prime number. A set of an element is considered both good and bad. Let kk be the largest possible size of a good subset of SS. Prove that kk is also the smallest number of pairwise-disjoint bad subsets whose union is SS.

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