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VN-TST 2008 Problem 6

    Consider the set M={1,2,…,2008}M = \{1,2, \ldots ,2008\} . Paint every number in the set MM with one of the three colors blue, yellow, red such that each color is utilized to paint at least one number. Define two sets:

    S1={(x,y,z)∈M3 ∣ x,y,z have the same color and 2008∣(x+y+z)}S_1=\{(x,y,z)\in M^3\ \mid\ x,y,z\text{ have the same color and }2008 | (x + y + z)\} ; S2={(x,y,z)∈M3 ∣ x,y,z have three pairwisely different colors and 2008∣(x+y+z)}S_2=\{(x,y,z)\in M^3\ \mid\ x,y,z\text{ have three pairwisely different colors and }2008 | (x + y + z)\} .

    Prove that 2∣S1∣>∣S2∣2|S_1| > |S_2| (where ∣X∣|X| denotes the number of elements in a set XX ).

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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