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US-TST 2010 Problem 8

    Let m,nm,n be positive integers with m≥nm \geq n , and let SS be the set of all nn -term sequences of positive integers (a1,a2,…an)(a_1, a_2, \ldots a_n) such that a1+a2+⋯+an=ma_1 + a_2 + \cdots + a_n = m . Show that ∑S1a12a2⋯nan=(nn)nm−(nn−1)(n−1)m+⋯+(−1)n−2(n2)2m+(−1)n−1(n1).\sum_S 1^{a_1} 2^{a_2} \cdots n^{a_n} = {n \choose n} n^m - {n \choose n-1} (n-1)^m + \cdots + (-1)^{n-2} {n \choose 2} 2^m + (-1)^{n-1} {n \choose 1}.

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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