olymmath

TUYMAADA 2021 S4

    An n×nn\times n square ( nn is a positive integer) consists of n2n^2 unit squares.A monotonous path\emph{monotonous path} in this square is a path of length 2n2n beginning in the left lower corner of the square,ending in its right upper corner and going along the sides of unit squares. For each kk , 0≤k≤2n−10\leq k\leq 2n-1 , let SkS_k be the set of all the monotonous paths such that the number of unit squares lying below the path leaves remainder kk upon division by 2n−12n-1 .Prove that all SkS_k contain equal number of elements.

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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