olymmath

RMM 2011 Problem 4

  • Day 2

Given a positive integer n=∏i=1spiαin=\prod_{i=1}^{s} p_{i}^{\alpha_{i}}, we write Ω(n)\Omega(n) for the total number ∑i=1sαi\sum_{i=1}^{s} \alpha_{i} of prime factors of nn, counted with multiplicity. Let λ(n)=(−1)Ω(n)\lambda(n)=(-1)^{\Omega(n)} (so, for example, λ(12)=λ(22⋅31)=(−1)2+1=−1)\left.\lambda(12)=\lambda\left(2^{2} \cdot 3^{1}\right)=(-1)^{2+1}=-1\right).

Prove the following two claims: i) There are infinitely many positive integers nn such that λ(n)=λ(n+1)=+1;\lambda(n)=\lambda(n+1)=+1 ; ii) There are infinitely many positive integers nn such that λ(n)=λ(n+1)=−1\lambda(n)=\lambda(n+1)=-1. (ROMANIA) DAN SchwARZ

Dataset text NuminaMath olympiads. Quoted with source.

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