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KURSCHAK 2003 Problem 2

    Prove that if a graph G\mathcal{G} on n≥3n\ge 3 vertices has a unique 33 -coloring, then G\mathcal{G} has at least 2n−32n-3 edges.

    (A graph is 33 -colorable when there exists a coloring of its vertices with 33 colors such that no two vertices of the same color are connected by an edge. The graph can be 33 -colored uniquely if there do not exist vertices uu and vv of the graph that are painted different colors in one 33 -coloring, yet are colored the same in another.)

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