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KMO 2017 Problem 4

    Let f:R→Rf: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R} be the function as f(x)={1x−1(x>1)1(x=1)x1−x(x<1)f(x) = \begin{cases} \frac{1}{x-1}& (x > 1) 1& (x=1) \frac{x}{1-x} & (x<1) \end{cases} Let x1x_1 be a positive irrational number which is a zero of a quadratic polynomial with integer coefficients. For every positive integer nn , let xn+1=f(xn)x_{n+1} = f(x_n) . Prove that there exists different positive integers kk and ℓ\ell such that xk=xℓx_k = x_\ell .

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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