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FKMO 2019 Problem 1

    There are nn cards such that for each i=1,2,⋯ni=1,2, \cdots n , there are exactly one card labeled ii . Initially the cards are piled with increasing order from top to bottom. There are two operations:

    • AA : One can take the top card of the pile and move it to the bottom;
    • BB : One can remove the top card from the pile.

    The operation ABBABBABBABB⋯ABBABBABBABB \cdots is repeated until only one card gets left. Let L(n)L(n) be the labeled number on the final pile. Find all integers kk such that L(3k)=kL(3k)=k .

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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