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IMC 2016 Problem 1

    Let f:[a,b]→Rf : \left[ a, b\right]\rightarrow\mathbb{R} be continuous on [a,b]\left[ a, b\right] and differentiable on (a,b)\left( a, b\right) . Suppose that ff has infinitely many zeros, but there is no x∈(a,b)x\in \left( a, b\right) with f(x)=f′(x)=0f(x)=f'(x)=0 . (a) Prove that f(a)f(b)=0f(a)f(b)=0 . (b) Give an example of such a function on [0,1]\left[ 0, 1\right] .

    (Proposed by Alexandr Bolbot, Novosibirsk State University)

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

    Official text: International Mathematics Competition for University Students 2016 official paper, page 1.

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