olymmath

OIM 2005 Problem 6

    Let nn be a fixed positive integer. The points A1A_1 , A2A_2 , …\ldots , A2nA_{2n} are on a straight line. Color each point blue or red according to the following procedure: draw nn pairwise disjoint circumferences, each with diameter AiAjA_iA_j for some i≠ji \neq j and such that every point AkA_k belongs to exactly one circumference. Points in the same circumference must be of the same color.

    Determine the number of ways of coloring these 2n2n points when we vary the nn circumferences and the distribution of the colors.

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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