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HMMT November 2010 U29

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In the game of Galactic Dominion, players compete to amass cards, each of which is worth a certain number of points. Say you are playing a version of this game with only two kinds of cards, planet cards and hegemon cards. Each planet card is worth 2010 points, and each hegemon card is worth four points per planet card held. You start with no planet cards and no hegemon cards, and, on each turn, starting at turn one, you take either a planet card or a hegemon card, whichever is worth more points given the hand you currently hold. Define a sequence {an}\left\{a_{n}\right\} for all positive integers nn by setting ana_{n} to be 0 if on turn nn you take a planet card and 1 if you take a hegemon card. What is the smallest value of NN such that the sequence aN,aN+1,…a_{N}, a_{N+1}, \ldots is necessarily periodic (meaning that there is a positive integer kk such that an+k=ana_{n+k}=a_{n} for all n≥N)\left.n \geq N\right) ?

Dataset text NuminaMath olympiads. Quoted with source.

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