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ELMO SL 2012 C1

    Let n≥2n\ge2 be a positive integer. Given a sequence (si)\left(s_i\right) of nn distinct real numbers, define the "class" of the sequence to be the sequence (a1,a2,…,an−1)\left(a_1,a_2,\ldots,a_{n-1}\right) , where aia_i is 11 if si+1>sis_{i+1} > s_i and −1-1 otherwise.

    Find the smallest integer mm such that there exists a sequence (wi)\left(w_i\right) of length mm such that for every possible class of a sequence of length nn , there is a subsequence of (wi)\left(w_i\right) that has that class.

    David Yang.

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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