olymmath

CR-MO 2010 Problem 2

    Consider the sequence xn>0x_n>0 defined with the following recurrence relation:

    x1=0x_1 = 0

    and for n>1n>1 (n+1)2xn+12+(2n+4)(n+1)xn+1+2n+1+22n−2=9n2xn2+36nxn+32.(n+1)^2x_{n+1}^2 + (2^n+4)(n+1)x_{n+1}+ 2^{n+1}+2^{2n-2} = 9n^2x_n^2+36nx_n+32.

    Show that if nn is a prime number larger or equal to 55 , then xnx_n is an integer.

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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