olymmath

CN-SMO 2006 Problem 8

    Given a circle with its perimeter equal to nn ( n∈N∗n \in N^* ), the least positive integer PnP_n which satisfies the following condition is called the "number of the partitioned circle": there are PnP_n points ( A1,A2,…,APnA_1,A_2, \ldots ,A_{P_n} ) on the circle; For any integer mm ( 1≤m≤n−11\le m\le n-1 ), there always exist two points Ai,AjA_i,A_j ( 1≤i,j≤Pn1\le i,j\le P_n ), such that the length of arc AiAjA_iA_j is equal to mm . Furthermore, all arcs between every two adjacent points Ai,Ai+1A_i,A_{i+1} ( 1≤i≤Pn1\le i\le P_n , Apn+1=A1A_{p_n+1}=A_1 ) form a sequence Tn=(a1,a2,,,apn)T_n=(a_1,a_2,,,a_{p_n}) called the "sequence of the partitioned circle". For example when n=13n=13 , the number of the partitioned circle P13P_{13} =4, the sequence of the partitioned circle T13=(1,3,2,7)T_{13}=(1,3,2,7) or (1,2,6,4)(1,2,6,4) . Determine the values of P21P_{21} and P31P_{31} , and find a possible solution of T21T_{21} and T31T_{31} respectively.

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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