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CMO 2012 Problem 2

  • Day 1

Let pp be a prime. We arrange the numbers in {1,2,…,p2}{\{1,2,\ldots ,p^2} \} as a p×pp \times p matrix A=(aij)A = ( a_{ij} ) . Next we can select any row or column and add 11 to every number in it, or subtract 11 from every number in it. We call the arrangement good if we can change every number of the matrix to 00 in a finite number of such moves. How many good arrangements are there?

Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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