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BALKAN 2003 Problem 4

  • Paper

A rectangle ABCDABCD has side lengths AB=mAB = m , AD=nAD = n , with mm and nn relatively prime and both odd. It is divided into unit squares and the diagonal AC intersects the sides of the unit squares at the points A1=A,A2,A3,…,Ak=CA_1 = A, A_2, A_3, \ldots , A_k = C . Show that A1A2−A2A3+A3A4−⋯+Ak−1Ak=m2+n2mn.A_1A_2 - A_2A_3 + A_3A_4 - \cdots + A_{k-1}A_k = {\sqrt{m^2+n^2}\over mn}.

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