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TSTST 2025 Problem 3

    Let a1a_1, a2a_2, rr, and ss be positive integers with rr and ss odd. The sequence a1,a2,a3,…a_1, a_2, a_3, \dots is defined by

    an+2=ran+1+sana_{n+2} = ra_{n+1} + sa_n

    for all n≥1n \ge 1. Determine the maximum possible number of integers 1≤ℓ≤20251 \le \ell \le 2025 such that aℓa_\ell divides aℓ+1a_{\ell+1}, over all possible choices of a1a_1, a2a_2, rr, and ss.

    Official text USA TST for the TST 2025 official paper, page 1. Quoted with source.

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