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SE-SKOLORNAS 2013 Problem 5

    Let n≥2n \geq 2 be a positive integer. Show that there are exactly 2n−3n(n−1)2^{n-3}n(n-1) nn -tuples of integers (a1,a2,…,an)(a_1,a_2,\dots,a_n) , which satisfy the conditions: (i) a1=0a_1=0 ; (ii) for each mm , 2≤m≤n2 \leq m \leq n , there is an index in mm , 1≤im<m1 \leq i_m <m , such that ∣aim−am∣≤1\left|a_{i_m}-a_m\right|\leq 1 ; (iii) the nn -tuple (a1,a2,…,an)(a_1,a_2,\dots,a_n) contains exactly n−1n-1 different numbers.

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