olymmath

SCHWEITZER 1994 Problem 3

    Let p be an odd prime, A be a non-empty subset of residue classes modulo p, f:A→Rf:A\to\mathbb R . Suppose that f is not constant and satisfies f(x)≤f(x+h)+f(x−h)2f(x) \leq \frac{f(x + h) + f(x-h)}{2} whenever x,x+h,x−h∈Ax,x+h,x-h\in A . Prove that ∣A∣≤p+12|A| \leq \frac{p + 1}{2} .

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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