olymmath

Putnam 2015 A5

  • Session A

Let qq be an odd positive integer, and let NqN_q denote the number of integers aa such that 0<a<q/40 < a < q/4 and gcd⁡(a,q)=1\gcd(a,q) = 1. Show that NqN_q is odd if and only if qq is of the form pkp^k with kk a positive integer and pp a prime congruent to 55 or 77 modulo 88.

Curated text Kedlaya Putnam archive. Quoted with source.

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