olymmath

Putnam 2005 B6

  • Session B

Let SnS_n denote the set of all permutations of the numbers 1,2,…,n1,2,\dots,n. For π∈Sn\pi \in S_n, let σ(π)=1\sigma(\pi) = 1 if π\pi is an even permutation and σ(π)=−1\sigma(\pi) = -1 if π\pi is an odd permutation. Also, let ν(π)\nu(\pi) denote the number of fixed points of π\pi. Show that ∑π∈Snσ(π)ν(π)+1=(−1)n+1nn+1.\sum_{\pi \in S_n} \frac{\sigma(\pi)}{\nu(\pi) + 1} = (-1)^{n+1} \frac{n}{n+1}.

Curated text Kedlaya Putnam archive. Quoted with source.

Solutions

Human solution Solution 1 by Manjul Bhargava, Kiran Kedlaya and Lenny Ng

The terms of the source let olymmath link to this solution but not copy it. Read the solution (Kedlaya Putnam archive).

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