olymmath

Putnam 1995 A6

  • Session A

Suppose that each of nn people writes down the numbers 1,2,3 in random order in one column of a 3×n3 \times n matrix, with all orders equally likely and with the orders for different columns independent of each other. Let the row sums a,b,ca,b,c of the resulting matrix be rearranged (if necessary) so that a≤b≤ca \leq b \leq c. Show that for some n≥1995n \geq 1995, it is at least four times as likely that both b=a+1b=a+1 and c=a+2c=a+2 as that a=b=ca=b=c.

Curated text Kedlaya Putnam archive. Quoted with source.

Solutions

Human solution Solution 1 by Kiran Kedlaya

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