olymmath

OIMU 1998

Iberoamerican Olympiad for University Students 1998.

Other problems

Problem 5

A sequence of polynomials {fn}n=0∞\{f_n\}_{n=0}^{\infty} is defined recursively by f0(x)=1f_0(x)=1 , f1(x)=1+xf_1(x)=1+x , and (k+1)fk+1(x)−(x+1)fk(x)+(x−k)fk−1(x)=0,k=1,2,…(k+1)f_{k+1}(x)-(x+1)f_k(x)+(x-k)f_{k-1}(x)=0, k=1,2,\ldots Prove that fk(k)=2kf_k(k)=2^k for all k≥0k\geq 0 .