NL-NWO 2009 Problem 5
We number a hundred blank cards on both sides with the numbers to . The cards are then stacked in order, with the card with the number on top. The order of the cards is changed step by step as follows: at the st step the top card is turned around, and is put back on top of the stack (nothing changes, of course), at the nd step the topmost cards are turned around, and put back on top of the stack, up to the th step, in which the entire stack of cards is turned around. At the st step, again only the top card is turned around, at the nd step, the top most cards are turned around, and so on. Show that after a finite number of steps, the cards return to their original positions.
Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.
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