olymmath

ISL 2022 C5

Let m,n⩾2m, n \geqslant 2 be integers, let XX be a set with nn elements, and let X1,X2,…,XmX_{1}, X_{2}, \ldots, X_{m} be pairwise distinct non-empty, not necessary disjoint subsets of XX. A function f:X→f: X \rightarrow {1,2,…,n+1}\{1,2, \ldots, n+1\} is called nice if there exists an index kk such that ∑x∈Xkf(x)>∑x∈Xif(x) for all i≠k\sum_{x \in X_{k}} f(x)>\sum_{x \in X_{i}} f(x) \text { for all } i \neq k Prove that the number of nice functions is at least nnn^{n}. (Germany)

Official text Transcription from NuminaMath olympiads, checked word for word against the official paper. Quoted with source.

Official text: IMO 2022 Shortlist booklet, page 7.

Solutions

Official solution Solution 1 by the IMO Problem Selection Committee

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