olymmath

ISL 2018 N2

    Let n>1n>1 be a positive integer. Each cell of an n×nn \times n table contains an integer. Suppose that the following conditions are satisfied: (i) Each number in the table is congruent to 1 modulo nn; (ii) The sum of numbers in any row, as well as the sum of numbers in any column, is congruent to nn modulo n2n^{2}. Let RiR_{i} be the product of the numbers in the ith i^{\text {th }} row, and CjC_{j} be the product of the numbers in the jth j^{\text {th }} column. Prove that the sums R1+⋯+RnR_{1}+\cdots+R_{n} and C1+⋯+CnC_{1}+\cdots+C_{n} are congruent modulo n4n^{4}. (Indonesia)

    Dataset text NuminaMath olympiads. Quoted with source.

    Official text: IMO 2018 Shortlist booklet, page 9.

    Solutions

    Official solution Solution 1 by the IMO Problem Selection Committee

    The terms of the source let olymmath link to this solution but not copy it. Read the solution (IMO official site).

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