olymmath

ISL 2013 N7

    Let ν\nu be an irrational positive number, and let mm be a positive integer. A pair (a,b)(a, b) of positive integers is called good if a⌈bν⌉−b⌊aν⌋=m.a\lceil b \nu\rceil-b\lfloor a \nu\rfloor=m . A good pair (a,b)(a, b) is called excellent if neither of the pairs (a−b,b)(a-b, b) and (a,b−a)(a, b-a) is good. (As usual, by ⌊x⌋\lfloor x\rfloor and ⌈x⌉\lceil x\rceil we denote the integer numbers such that x−1<⌊x⌋⩽xx-1<\lfloor x\rfloor \leqslant x and x⩽⌈x⌉<x+1x \leqslant\lceil x\rceil<x+1.) Prove that the number of excellent pairs is equal to the sum of the positive divisors of mm.

    Dataset text NuminaMath olympiads. Quoted with source.

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