ISL 1988 Problem 81
There are job openings at a factory, ranked to in order of increasing pay. There are job applicants, ranked from to in order of increasing ability. Applicant is qualified for job if and only if The applicants arrive one at a time in random order. Each in turn is hired to the highest-ranking job for which he or she is qualified AND which is lower in rank than any job already filled. (Under these rules, job is always filled, and hiring terminates thereafter.) Show that applicants and have the same probability of being hired.
Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.
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