olymmath

IR-TST 2013 Problem 3

    For nonnegative integers mm and nn , define the sequence a(m,n)a(m,n) of real numbers as follows. Set a(0,0)=2a(0,0)=2 and for every natural number nn , set a(0,n)=1a(0,n)=1 and a(n,0)=2a(n,0)=2 . Then for m,n≥1m,n\geq1 , define a(m,n)=a(m−1,n)+a(m,n−1).a(m,n)=a(m-1,n)+a(m,n-1). Prove that for every natural number kk , all the roots of the polynomial Pk(x)=∑i=0ka(i,2k+1−2i)xiP_{k}(x)=\sum_{i=0}^{k}a(i,2k+1-2i)x^{i} are real.

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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