olymmath

IN-TST 2001 Problem 11

  • Day 4

Let p>3p > 3 be a prime. For each k∈{1,2,…,p−1}k\in \{1,2, \ldots , p-1\} , define xkx_k to be the unique integer in {1,…,p−1}\{1, \ldots, p-1\} such that kxk≡1(modp)kx_k\equiv 1 \pmod{p} and set kxk=1+pnkkx_k = 1+ pn_k . Prove that : ∑k=1p−1knk≡p−12(modp)\sum_{k=1}^{p-1}kn_k \equiv \frac{p-1}{2} \pmod{p}

Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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