olymmath

RMO 2018 Problem 4

  • October 7

Let EE denote the set of 2525 points (m,n)(m,n) in the xy\text{xy} -plane, where m,nm,n are natural numbers, 1≤m≤5,1≤n≤51\leq m\leq5,1\leq n\leq5 . Suppose the points of EE are arbitrarily coloured using two colours, red and blue. SHow that there always exist four points in the set EE of the form (a,b),(a+k,b),(a+k,b+k),(a,b+k)(a,b),(a+k,b),(a+k,b+k),(a,b+k) for some positive integer kk such that at least three of these four points have the same colour. (That is, there always exist four points in the set EE which form the vertices of a square with sides parallel to the axes and having at least three points of the same colour.)

Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

Official text: Indian Regional Mathematical Olympiad 2018 official paper, page 2.

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