olymmath

IMO 2013 Problem 6

  • Day 2

Let n≥3n \ge 3 be an integer, and consider a circle with n+1n + 1 equally spaced points marked on it. Consider all labellings of these points with the numbers 0,1,...,n0, 1, ... , n such that each label is used exactly once; two such labellings are considered to be the same if one can be obtained from the other by a rotation of the circle. A labelling is called beautiful if, for any four labels a<b<c<da < b < c < d with a+d=b+ca + d = b + c , the chord joining the points labelled aa and dd does not intersect the chord joining the points labelled bb and cc .

Let MM be the number of beautiful labelings, and let N be the number of ordered pairs (x,y)(x, y) of positive integers such that x+y≤nx + y \le n and gcd⁡(x,y)=1\gcd(x, y) = 1 . Prove that M=N+1.M = N + 1.

Official text Transcription from AI-MO AoPS, checked word for word against the official paper. Quoted with source.

Official text: IMO 2013 official English paper, page 2.

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