olymmath

IMC 2021 Problem 2

    Let nn and kk be fixed positive integers , and aa be arbitrary nonnegative integer . Choose a random kk -element subset XX of {1,2,...,k+a}\{1,2,...,k+a\} uniformly (i.e., all k-element subsets are chosen with the same probability) and, independently of XX , choose random n-elements subset YY of {1,2,..,k+a+n}\{1,2,..,k+a+n\} uniformly. Prove that the probability P(min(Y)>max(X))P\left( \text{min}(Y)>\text{max}(X)\right) does not depend on aa .

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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