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IMC 2007 Problem 3

    Call a polynomial P(x1,…,xk)P(x_{1}, \ldots, x_{k}) good if there exist 2×22\times 2 real matrices A1,…,AkA_{1}, \ldots, A_{k} such that P(x1,…,xk)=det⁡(∑i=1kxiAi).P(x_{1}, \ldots, x_{k}) = \det \left(\sum_{i=1}^{k}x_{i}A_{i}\right).

    Find all values of kk for which all homogeneous polynomials with kk variables of degree 2 are good. (A polynomial is homogeneous if each term has the same total degree.)

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

    Official text: International Mathematics Competition for University Students 2007 official paper, page 1.

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