olymmath

IL-GILLIS 2011

Israel National Olympiad 2011.

Other problems

Problem 1

We are given 5771 weights weighing 1,2,3,...,5770,5771. We partition the weights into nn sets of equal weight. What is the maximal nn for which this is possible?

Problem 2

Evaluate the sum 1−12⋅1⋅3+2−12⋅3⋅5+3−12⋅5⋅7+⋯+40−12⋅79⋅81\sqrt{1-\frac{1}{2}\cdot\sqrt{1\cdot3}}+\sqrt{2-\frac{1}{2}\cdot\sqrt{3\cdot5}}+\sqrt{3-\frac{1}{2}\cdot\sqrt{5\cdot7}}+\dots+\sqrt{40-\frac{1}{2}\cdot\sqrt{79\cdot81}} .

Problem 3

In some foreign country's government, there are 12 ministers. Each minister has 5 friends and 6 enemies in the government (friendship/enemyship is a symmetric relation). A triplet of ministers is called uniform if all three of them are friends with each other, or all three of them are enemies. How many uniform triplets are there?

Problem 4

Let α1,α2,α3\alpha_1,\alpha_2,\alpha_3 be three congruent circles that are tangent to each other. A third circle β\beta is tangent to them at points A1,A2,A3A_1,A_2,A_3 respectively. Let PP be a point on β\beta which is different from A1,A2,A3A_1,A_2,A_3 . For i=1,2,3i=1,2,3 , let BiB_i be the second intersection point of the line PAiPA_i with circle αi\alpha_i . Prove that ΔB1B2B3\Delta B_1B_2B_3 is equilateral.

Problem 5

We have two lists of numbers: One initially containing 1,6,11,...,96, and the other initially containing 4,9,14,...,99. In every turn, we erase two numbers from one of the lists, and write 13\frac{1}{3} of their sum (not necessarily an integer) in the other list. We continue this process until there are no possible moves. [list=a] [] Prove that at the end of the process, there is exactly one number in each list. [] Prove that those two numbers are not equal. [/list]

Problem 6

There are NN red cards and NN blue cards. Each card has a positive integer between 11 and NN (inclusive) written on it. Prove that we can choose a (non-empty) subset of the red cards and a (non-empty) subset of the blue cards, so that the sum of the numbers on the chosen red cards equals the sum of the numbers on the chosen blue cards.