olymmath

OIM 2005 Problem 2

    A flea jumps in a straight numbered line. It jumps first from point 00 to point 11 . Afterwards, if its last jump was from AA to BB , then the next jump is from BB to one of the points B+(B−A)−1B + (B - A) - 1 , B+(B−A)B + (B - A) , B+(B−A)+1B + (B-A) + 1 .

    Prove that if the flea arrived twice at the point nn , nn positive integer, then it performed at least ⌈2n⌉\lceil 2\sqrt n\rceil jumps.

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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