olymmath

KöMaL 2025 A916

    Let a≥3a \geq 3 be an integer, and define f(n)=an−1f(n) = a^n - 1 for every positive integer nn. Denote by f(k)f^{(k)} the kk-iterate of ff, that is, f(1)(n)=f(n)f^{(1)}(n) = f(n) and f(k+1)(n)=f(f(k)(n))f^{(k+1)}(n)=f(f^{(k)}(n)) for k≥1k \geq 1. a) Prove that for any positive integer KK there exists a positive integer MM such that for every integer 1≤k≤K1 \leq k \leq K, the number f(k)(M)f^{(k)}(M) is divisible by MM if and only if kk is divisible by 20252025. b) Does there exist a positive integer NN such that for every positive integer kk, the number f(k)(N)f^{(k)}(N) is divisible by NN if and only if kk is divisible by 20252025?

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