olymmath

HMMT November 2011 U27

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In-Young generates a string of BB zeroes and ones using the following method:

  • First, she flips a fair coin. If it lands heads, her first digit will be a 0 , and if it lands tails, her first digit will be a 1.
  • For each subsequent bit, she flips an unfair coin, which lands heads with probability AA. If the coin lands heads, she writes down the number (zero or one) different from previous digit, while if the coin lands tails, she writes down the previous digit again.

What is the expected value of the number of zeroes in her string?

Dataset text NuminaMath olympiads. Quoted with source.

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